Ibaruramari ry'ibiciro byaibice by'icyumaBirahinduka kandi biterwa n'ibishushanyo byihariye. Si itegeko ridahinduka. Ugomba gusobanukirwa uburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya ibice by'icyuma. Muri rusange, igiciro cy'igicuruzwa = amafaranga y'ibikoresho + amafaranga yo gutunganya + (amafaranga yo gutunganya hejuru) + imisoro itandukanye + inyungu. Niba icyuma gisaba ibumba, amafaranga y'ibumba azongerwaho.
Amafaranga y'ibumba (gereranya umubare ntarengwa w'ibumba rikenewe mu gushushanya ukurikije uburyo bwo gukora icyuma, sitasiyo 1 = itsinda 1 ry'ibumba)
1. Muri icyo gikoresho, hatoranywa ibikoresho bitandukanye bikoreshwa mu gutunganya ubuso hakurikijwe icyo gikoresho gikoreshwa: ingano y'imashini itunganya, ingano y'imashini itunganya, ibisabwa mu buryo bunonosoye, nibindi;
2. Ibikoresho (ukurikije igiciro cyanditse, reba niba ari icyuma cyihariye kandi niba gikeneye gutumizwa mu mahanga);
3. Imizigo (amafaranga menshi yo gutwara ibyuma);
4. Imisoro;
5. Amafaranga y'inyungu ku micungire n'ibicuruzwa angana na 15 ~ 20%;
Igiciro rusange cy'ibice bisanzwe by'icyuma gitunganywa muri rusange ni = amafaranga y'ibikoresho + amafaranga yo gutunganya + ibice bisanzwe bihoraho + imitako y'ubuso + inyungu, amafaranga y'ubuyobozi + igipimo cy'umusoro.
Mu gihe dutunganya uduce duto tudakoresheje ibumba, muri rusange tubara uburemere bw'ibikoresho * (1.2 ~ 1.3) = uburemere rusange, hanyuma tukabara ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho dukurikije uburemere rusange * igiciro cy'igice cy'ibikoresho; ikiguzi cyo gutunganya = (1 ~ 1.5) * ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho; ikiguzi cyo gushushanya electroplating Muri rusange, bibarwa hashingiwe ku buremere bw'ibice. Ikilo kimwe cy'ibice gitwara angahe? Metero kare imwe yo gutera irangi igura angahe? Urugero, gushushanya nikeli bibarwa hashingiwe kuri 8 ~ 10 / kg, amafaranga y'ibikoresho + amafaranga yo gutunganya + ibipimo bihamye. Ibice + imitako y'ubuso = ikiguzi, inyungu muri rusange ishobora gutoranywa nk'ikiguzi * (15% ~ 20%); igipimo cy'umusoro = (ikiguzi + inyungu, amafaranga y'ubuyobozi) * 0.17. Hari inyandiko kuri iki gipimo: amafaranga y'ibikoresho ntagomba kuba arimo umusoro.
Iyo umusaruro mwinshi usaba imashini zikoreshwa mu gushushanya, ibiciro muri rusange bigabanyijemo ibiciro by'imashini n'ibiciro by'ibice. Iyo imashini zikoreshwa, ikiguzi cyo gutunganya ibice gishobora kuba gito, kandi inyungu yose igomba kwemezwa n'ingano y'umusaruro. Igiciro cy'ibikoresho fatizo mu ruganda rwacu muri rusange ni ibikoresho byose ugereranyije n'igipimo cy'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho. Kubera ko hazabaho ibibazo ku bikoresho bisigaye bitashobora gukoreshwa mu gihe cyo gushyira ubusa.gukora ibyuma by'amabatiZimwe muri zo zishobora gukoreshwa ubu, ariko zimwe zishobora kugurishwa gusa nk'ibisigazwa by'amabuye.
Gukora ibyuma by'amabati Imiterere y'ibiciro by'ibice by'ibyuma muri rusange igabanyijemo ibice bikurikira:
1. Ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho
Igiciro cy'ibikoresho bivuga ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho hakurikijwe ibisabwa mu gushushanya = ingano y'ibikoresho * ubucucike bw'ibikoresho * igiciro cy'igice cy'ibikoresho.
2. Igiciro gisanzwe cy'ibice
Bivuga ku giciro cy'ibice bisanzwe bisabwa n'ibishushanyo.
3. Amafaranga yo gutunganya
Bivuga ku kiguzi cyo gutunganya gisabwa kuri buri gikorwa gisabwa kugira ngo gitunganywe. Kugira ngo umenye ibisobanuro birambuye ku miterere ya buri gikorwa, reba "Uburyo bwo Kubara Ikiguzi" na "Imbonerahamwe y'Ibiciro bya Buri gikorwa". Ibice by'ingenzi by'ikiguzi cy'igikorwa ubu byashyizwe ku rutonde kugira ngo bisobanurwe.
1) Gushyira ubusa kuri CNC
Imiterere y'ikiguzi cyabyo = igabanuka ry'agaciro k'ibikoresho no kugabanyirizwa ikiguzi + ikiguzi cy'abakozi + igabanuka ry'agaciro k'ibikoresho n'ibikoresho no kugabanyirizwa ikiguzi:
Igabanuka ry'agaciro k'ibikoresho ribarwa hashingiwe ku myaka 5, kandi buri mwaka handitswe nk'amezi 12, iminsi 22 mu kwezi, n'amasaha 8 ku munsi.
Urugero: kuri miliyoni 2 z'amayuni y'ibikoresho, igabanuka ry'agaciro k'ibikoresho ku isaha = 200*10000/5/12/22/8=189.4 yuni y'isaha
Ikiguzi cy'umurimo:
Buri CNC isaba abatekinisiye 3 kugira ngo ikore. Umushahara mpuzandengo wa buri mutekinisiye ni yuan 1.800 ku kwezi. Bakora iminsi 22 mu kwezi, amasaha 8 ku munsi, ni ukuvuga igiciro cy'isaha = 1.800 * 3/22/8 = yuan 31 ku isaha. Ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho by'inyongera: bivuze ibikoresho by'inyongera nk'amavuta n'amazi ahindagurika akenerwa mu mikorere y'ibikoresho bitwara yuan 1.000 ku kwezi kuri buri gikoresho. Hashingiwe ku minsi 22 ku kwezi n'amasaha 8 ku munsi, igiciro cy'isaha = yuan 1.000/22/8 = yuan 5.68 ku isaha.
1) Gupfundika
Imiterere y'ikiguzi cyabyo = igabanuka ry'agaciro k'ibikoresho no kugabanyirizwa ikiguzi + ikiguzi cy'abakozi + igabanuka ry'agaciro k'ibikoresho n'ibikoresho no kugabanyirizwa ikiguzi:
Igabanuka ry'agaciro k'ibikoresho ribarwa hashingiwe ku myaka 5, kandi buri mwaka handitswe nk'amezi 12, iminsi 22 mu kwezi, n'amasaha 8 ku munsi.
Urugero: ku bikoresho bifite agaciro ka RMB 500.000, igabanuka ry'agaciro k'ibikoresho ku munota = 50 * 10000/5/12/22/8/60 = 0.79 yuan/umunota. Ubusanzwe bifata amasegonda 10 kugeza ku masegonda 100 kugira ngo ipfunduke rimwe, bityo ibikoresho bigabanuka ku gikoresho kimwe cyo gupfunduka. = 0.13-1.3 yuan/icyuma. Ikiguzi cy'abakozi:
Buri gikoresho gisaba umutekinisiye umwe kugira ngo agikore. Umushahara mpuzandengo wa buri mutekinisiye ni yuan 1.800 ku kwezi. Akora iminsi 22 mu kwezi, amasaha 8 ku munsi, ni ukuvuga ko igiciro ku munota ari 1.800/22/8/60=0.17 yuan/umunota, naho igiciro mpuzandengo ku munota ni yuan 1.800/ukwezi. Gishobora gukora imigozi 1-2, bityo: igiciro cy'abakozi kuri buri migozi = yuan 0.08-0.17/icyuma igiciro cy'ibikoresho by'inyongera:
Igiciro cya buri kwezi cy'ibikoresho by'inyongera kuri buri mashini icuranga ni yuan 600. Hashingiwe ku minsi 22 ku kwezi n'amasaha 8 ku munsi, igiciro cy'isaha = 600/22/8/60=0.06 yuan/icyuma
1) Gutunganya ubuso
Amafaranga yo gutera imiti hanze agizwe n'igiciro cyo kugura (nk'amashanyarazi, okisidasiyo):
Amafaranga yo gutera ifu = amafaranga y'ibikoresho by'ifu + amafaranga y'abakozi + amafaranga y'ibikoresho by'inyongera + igabanuka ry'agaciro k'ibikoresho
Igiciro cy'ibikoresho by'ifu: Uburyo bwo kubara muri rusange bushingiye kuri metero kare. Igiciro cya buri kilo cy'ifu kiri hagati ya yuan 25-60 (cyane cyane kijyanye n'ibyo abakiriya bakeneye). Buri kilo cy'ifu muri rusange gishobora gutera muri metero kare 4-5. Igiciro cy'ibikoresho by'ifu = yuan 6-15 kuri metero kare
Ikiguzi cy'abakozi: Hari abantu 15 mu murongo wo gutera imiti, buri muntu yishyuzwa amayuni 1,200/ukwezi, iminsi 22 mu kwezi, amasaha 8 ku munsi, kandi ashobora gutera imiti kuri metero kare 30 ku isaha. Ikiguzi cy'abakozi = 15 * 1200/22/8/30 = 3.4 yuni / metero kare
Amafaranga y'ibikoresho by'inyongera: ahanini yerekeza ku giciro cy'amazi yo gusukura mbere yo kuyatunganya n'amavuta akoreshwa mu itanura rishyushya. Ni amayuni 50.000 ku kwezi. Ashingiye ku minsi 22 ku kwezi, amasaha 8 ku munsi, no gutera ifuru kuri metero kare 30 ku isaha.
Amafaranga y'ibikoresho by'inyongera = 9.47 yuan/metero kare
Gutakaza agaciro k'ibikoresho: Ishoramari mu muyoboro wo gutera imiti ni miliyoni 1, kandi gutakaza agaciro bishingiye ku myaka 5. Ni ukuboza buri mwaka, iminsi 22 mu kwezi, amasaha 8 ku munsi, kandi gutera imiti kuri metero kare 30 ku isaha. Ikiguzi cyo gutakaza agaciro k'ibikoresho = 100*10000/5/12/22/8/30 = 3.16 yuan/metero kare. Igiciro cyo gutera imiti yose = 22-32 yuan/metero kare. Niba hakenewe gutera imiti igice cy'uburinzi, ikiguzi kizaba kinini.
4.Amafaranga yo gupakira
Bitewe n'ibicuruzwa, ibisabwa mu gupfunyika biratandukanye kandi igiciro kiratandukanye, muri rusange ni yuan 20-30 kuri metero kibe.
5. Amafaranga y'imicungire y'ubwikorezi
Amafaranga yo kohereza ibicuruzwa abarwa mu bicuruzwa.
6. Amafaranga akoreshwa mu gucunga
Amafaranga akoreshwa mu gucunga afite ibice bibiri: amafaranga y'ubukode bw'uruganda, amazi n'amashanyarazi n'amafaranga akoreshwa mu by'imari. Amafaranga y'ubukode bw'uruganda, amazi n'amashanyarazi:
Ubukode bw'uruganda ku mazi n'amashanyarazi buri kwezi ni 150.000 yuan, kandi agaciro k'umusaruro wa buri kwezi kabarwa nka miliyoni 4. Igipimo cy'ubukode bw'uruganda ku mazi n'amashanyarazi ku giciro cy'umusaruro ni = 15/400 = 3.75%. Amafaranga akoreshwa mu by'imari:
Bitewe n'uko amafaranga yishyurwa adahuye n'ayo kwishyura (tugura ibikoresho mu mafaranga kandi abakiriya bagakora amasezerano buri kwezi mu minsi 60), tugomba guhagarika amafaranga byibuze amezi 3, kandi inyungu ya banki ni 1.25-1.5%.
Kubwibyo: amafaranga akoreshwa mu buyobozi agomba kuba agera kuri 5% by'igiciro cyose cyagurishijwe.
7. Inyungu
Ukurikije iterambere ry’ikigo mu gihe kirekire ndetse no gutanga serivisi nziza ku bakiliya, inyungu yacu ni 10%-15%.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-06-2023
