Bitandukanye n'isura n'imiterere, utubati dukoresha amashanyarazi nautubati two gukwirakwiza(switchboards) ni ubwoko bumwe, naho udusanduku two kugenzura amashanyarazi n'udusanduku two gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa ni ubwoko bumwe.
Agasanduku k’amashanyarazi n’agasanduku k’amashanyarazi bifunze ku mpande esheshatu kandi muri rusange bishyirwa ku nkuta. Hari imyobo yo gukurura hejuru no hepfo y’agasanduku kugira ngo insinga n’insinga byinjire kandi bisohoke mu gasanduku k’amashanyarazi.
Udusanduku tw’amashanyarazi n’utubati dukwirakwiza ibikoresho bifunze impande eshanu kandi nta gice cyo hasi gifite. Muri rusange dushyirwa hasi ku rukuta.
Ubusanzwe icyuma gifunga impande ebyiri, kandi hari n'impande eshatu, enye n'eshanu. Ikigo gifunga hasi, ariko inyuma ntigishobora kuba ku rukuta. Hagomba kuba hari umwanya wo gukoresha no kubungabunga inyuma y'icyo gikoresho.
Impande zihariye z'ikibaho cyo gusimbuza zifunze, kandi ugomba gusaba igihe utumiza. Urugero, niba hari aho bashyira amabati atanu iruhande kandi buri gihe, uruhande rw'ibumoso rw'icya mbere ni rwo rukeneye gusimbuza, uruhande rw'iburyo rw'icya gatanu rukeneye gusimbuza, naho uruhande rw'ibumoso n'iburyo rw'icya kabiri, icya gatatu, n'icya kane byose bikaba bifunguye.
Iyo icyuma gitanga amashanyarazi gishyizwemo kandi kigakoreshwa ukwacyo, hagomba kubaho uduce duto two gufunga ibumoso n'iburyo. Akenshi, inyuma y'ikibaho cyo gusimbuza umuriro iba ifunguye. Hashobora kandi kubaho urugi inyuma hakurikijwe ibyo umukoresha akeneye, ibyo bikaba byakumira ivumbi no koroshya imikorere no kubungabunga.
Mu buryo bw'imikorere, amatsinda yo gukwirakwiza,utubati two gukwirakwizan'udusanduku two gukwirakwiza ibikoresho biri mu cyiciro kimwe, naho udusanduku two kugenzura amashanyarazi n'utubati two kugenzura amashanyarazi biri mu cyiciro kimwe.
Muri rusange, utubati two gukwirakwiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi dukwirakwiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu tubati two hasi two gukwirakwiza ibikoresho n'udusanduku two gukwirakwiza ibikoresho, cyangwa tugakwirakwiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu buryo butaziguye mu bikoresho by'amashanyarazi. Utubati two gukwirakwiza ibikoresho n'udusanduku two gukwirakwiza ibikoresho dukwirakwiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu buryo butaziguye. Hari n'utubati two gukwirakwiza ibikoresho na two dukoreshwa. Dukwirakwiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu tubati two hasi two gukwirakwiza ibikoresho.
Udusanduku tw'amashanyarazi naakabati gashinzwe kugenzura amashanyarazizikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kugenzura ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, kandi zifite inshingano yo gukwirakwiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi ku bikoresho by'amashanyarazi.
Ibikoresho byo gusimbuza ibyuma, ibikoresho byo gusimbuza ibyuma, ibikoresho byo mu mwuka, ibyuma, ibikoresho byo gutangiza amashanyarazi (contactors) n'ibikoresho byo gusimbuza amashanyarazi bishyirwa ahanini mu tubati two gusimbuza amashanyarazi, mu dusanduku two gusimbuza amashanyarazi no mu tubaho two gusimbuza amashanyarazi. Hari igihe transformers z'amashanyarazi, transformers z'amashanyarazi, ammeters, voltmeters, watt-hour meters, nibindi.
Uretse ibice by'amashanyarazi byavuzwe haruguru, udusanduku two kugenzura amashanyarazi naakabatiIzaba ifite kandi ibikoresho byo gutwara ibintu hagati, ibyo gutwara ibintu mu gihe, utubuto two kugenzura, amatara y'icyerekezo, ibyo gutwara ibintu mu gihe n'ibindi bikoresho byo kugenzura. Bimwe muri byo birimo ibyuma bihindura frequency, PLC, mudasobwa ntoya, igikoresho cyo guhindura ibintu mu buryo bwa I/O, AC/DC transformer regulator, nibindi. Bishyirwa mu gasanduku k'amashanyarazi no mu kabati k'amashanyarazi. Hari igihe, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, n'ibikoresho byo kwerekana amashanyarazi nabyo bishyirwa mu gasanduku k'amashanyarazi no mu kabati k'amashanyarazi.
Twize ku bijyanye no gushyira mu byiciro mbere, reka turebere hamwe imiterere yabyo:
Itsindaakabati k'amashanyarazi gakoresha amashanyarazini igice cy'ingenzi cy'imashini zikuraho ivumbi. Akabati ko kugenzura amashanyarazi kayobora iterambere ry'inganda kubera ubuhanga bwako buhambaye n'ikoranabuhanga rikomeye. Reka turebere hamwe imiterere y'ibanze y'akabati ko kugenzura amashanyarazi.
Akabati k’amashanyarazi gakoresha module ya PLC ishobora gukoreshwa nk'imashini ifasha mu gusukura ivu mu buryo bwikora, gukuramo ivu, kwerekana ubushyuhe, guhindura bypass n'izindi nshingano zo kugenzura, byujuje ibisabwa n'umuguzi.
Akabati ko kugenzura amashanyarazi gafite ubwizigirwa bwinshi. Gakoresha mudasobwa zigezweho za IPC, chassis y’inganda, moniteur za LCD, n’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo gakoreshwe neza. Akabati ko kugenzura amashanyarazi gakoresha ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi byizewe cyane, utubuto twinjijwe mu mahanga, n’amaswichi adahuza, kugira ngo gakoreshwe neza mu buryo bw’amashanyarazi.
Itsindaakabati k'amashanyarazi gakoresha amashanyaraziIkoresha sisitemu y'imikorere ya DOS, yizewe cyane kandi ikora neza mu gihe nyacyo, ibyo byongera cyane ukwizerwa kwa porogaramu; akabati k'amashanyarazi gakoresha sensors zidakora ku buryo bworoshye, sensors z'ikoranabuhanga zituruka hanze, na sensors z'amashanyarazi zikora neza kugira ngo sensors zikore neza; Imiterere ikwiye n'imiterere y'akabati k'amashanyarazi gafite ubucucike bwinshi bigabanya uburyo bwo guhuza sisitemu no kugabanya ibibazo by'imirongo. Akabati k'amashanyarazi gafite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya kubangamira. Ikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryuzuye ryo gutandukanya amashanyarazi n'ikoranabuhanga ryo kurwanya kubangamira porogaramu kugira ngo inoze ubushobozi bwa sisitemu bwo kurwanya kubangamira.
Akabati ko kugenzura amashanyarazi gakoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo kuyungurura porogaramu n'ibikoresho kugira ngo kanoze ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingaruka n'ubunyangamugayo bwa sensor. Imiterere ikwiye y'akabati ko kugenzura amashanyarazi ishobora gukemura ikibazo hagati y'umuyoboro ukomeye n'udakomeye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-04-2024
